Sentinel Surveillance
Sentinel surveillance
HIV sentinel surveillance means carrying out cross sectional study of HIV sero prevalence rates at regular interval among selected groups in the population known as "sentinel groups".
Annual HSS was started in 1998 and is being conducted regularly every year since 2008 and then biennially, with the objective -
1. To provide understanding of the spread of HIV infection.
2. To determine geographical distribution and time trend of infection.
3. To provide a basis for prioritization of resources.
4. Validation of data from other sources.
5. Evaluation of the national response to various programs.
Scale up of No. of Sentinel Sites in Rajasthan, 1998-2022 |
|||||||||||||
Site Type |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008-09 |
2010-11 |
2012-13 |
2014-15 |
2016-17 |
2018-19 | 2021-22 |
ANC |
5 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
25 |
26 |
26 |
28 |
33 |
33 |
33 |
33 | 33 |
ANC (rural) |
0 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 | 2 |
Total |
5 |
12 |
6 |
6 |
25 |
26 |
26 |
28 |
35 |
35 |
35 |
35 | 35 |
Under sentinel surveillance the information on prevalence was collected for the pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in the government sector during the HSS and High risk Population. Blood specimens are taken and screened for HIV. Information on certain demographic characteristics and limited data on risk behavior were also collected.
Measuring HIV prevalence in ANCs was essential for detecting the bridging of infection to the general population. Access to HRG is challenging given that certain behaviors of theirs may be considered illegal or else highly stigmatized. Increased access to them was obtained via STD facilities. STD clinics are useful source for accessing these sub population as large number of sexually active adults male and female belonging to the HRG and bridge population seek treatment there.
| Sr. No. | District | Tested | Positive | % Positive |
| ANC | ANC | ANC | ||
| 1 | Ajmer | 400 | 2 | 0.50 |
| 2 | Alwar | 400 | 1 | 0.25 |
| 3 | Banswara | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 4 | Baran | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 5 | Barmer | 400 | 3 | 0.75 |
| 6 | Bharatpur | 400 | 1 | 0.25 |
| 7 | Bhilwara | 400 | 2 | 0.50 |
| 8 | Bikaner | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 9 | Bundi | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 10 | Chittorgarh | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 11 | Churu | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 12 | Dausa | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 13 | Dhaulpur | 400 | 1 | 0.25 |
| 14 | Dungarpur | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 15 | Ganganagar | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 16 | Hanumangarh | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 17 | Jaipur | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 18 | Jaisalmer | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 19 | Jalor | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 20 | Jhalawar | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 21 | Jhunjhunu | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 22 | Jodhpur | 399 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 23 | Karauli | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 24 | Kota | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 25 | Nagaur | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 26 | Pali | 800 | 1 | 0.13 |
| 27 | Pratapgarh | 400 | 1 | 0.25 |
| 28 | Rajsamand | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 29 | S.Madhopur | 400 | 2 | 0.50 |
| 30 | Sikar | 400 | 1 | 0.25 |
| 31 | Sirohi | 400 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 32 | Tonk | 400 | 1 | 0.25 |
| 33 | Udaipur | 800 | 3 | 0.38 |
| Rajasthan | 13999 | 19 | 0.14 |